An outbreak of a parasite causing diarrhea has spread in the United States, affecting over 1,000 individuals and leading to hospitalizations. Several states have reported cases of cyclospora infections, resulting in symptoms like watery diarrhea, bloating, fever, and nausea. Although such cases are typical in spring and summer, the current outbreak is notably large, with no reported fatalities so far.
The Public Health Agency of Canada has stated that they are not investigating any outbreaks in Canada related to this parasite, emphasizing that it is not commonly found in Canadian food or drinking water sources.
Cyclospora, a microscopic parasite, is known to cause cyclosporiasis, characterized by watery diarrhea and can be treated with antibiotics. The parasite thrives in warm environments, typically spreading through feces. Consumption of contaminated fruits and vegetables, especially those with crevices like raspberries, blueberries, and lettuce, can lead to infection.
Although the exact cause of the outbreak remains uncertain, experts suggest it could be linked to imported produce from regions like South and Central America, the Caribbean, Southeast Asia, or Africa. Symptoms may appear up to two weeks after exposure and persist for up to two months.
While cyclospora is less common than other foodborne illnesses like salmonella and E. coli, its reported cases in the U.S. have been increasing, attributed to factors like climate change and improved detection methods.
The outbreak has primarily impacted Michigan, with a significant surge in cases compared to previous years. Surrounding areas like Lucas County, Ohio, and 28 other states, including Illinois and New York, have also reported cases and are conducting investigations to identify the source.
Despite the rise in cases, the outbreak is not classified as a national health emergency. Experts affirm that there is no evidence suggesting the parasite has become more infectious. The U.S. sees numerous cyclospora cases annually, and the extent of this year’s outbreak is yet to be determined.
In Canada, the current outbreak has not affected the country. However, an average of 238 cyclosporiasis cases were reported annually between 2004 and 2019. Canadians are advised to seek medical attention if they suspect infection and should be cautious when consuming fruits and vegetables, opting for cooked or peeled produce when traveling to the U.S.
Proper hygiene practices, such as washing produce, may not fully protect against the parasite. Recommendations include buying whole lettuce heads to remove outer leaves and freezing fruit to reduce the risk of contamination.