As the snow of winter in Nova Scotia starts to melt away, researchers at Dalhousie University are urging the public to be on the lookout for abandoned paper wasp nests. These nests are being gathered from various locations across the province to investigate potential contamination by heavy metals.
Carlie Ashton, an undergraduate student in environmental science at Dal’s agricultural campus in Bible Hill, N.S., is leading the study as part of her honours project. She is particularly interested in two species of wasps – aerial yellowjackets and bald-faced hornets – that construct their nests by collecting and chewing wood or plant fibers from their surroundings, forming a pulp that they use to build the nest.
The research aims to determine if nests in urban areas show higher levels of copper and chromium, common wood preservatives, compared to those in rural settings. Ashton explained that wasps in urban environments may be exposed to wood preservatives from structures like decks, while those in rural areas likely interact with natural materials like trees.
If you come across an abandoned wasp nest, Ashton encourages you to get in touch with her to contribute to the study. During this time of year, the nests are empty as the wasps perish due to cold temperatures, while the mated queens seek shelter elsewhere, such as under tree bark or in various natural hiding spots.
Although the nests may show wear and tear after winter, Ashton reassures that this will not affect her research. The nests will be dried in a microwave, processed to analyze the material for heavy metal content.
This specific type of research has not been conducted on these species in Canada before, according to Ashton. The study will determine if aerial yellowjackets and bald-faced hornets can serve as indicators of heavy metal presence, providing valuable insights into the environmental pressures faced by these insects.
Assistant professor Paul Manning, one of Ashton’s project supervisors, emphasized the importance of understanding the contaminants’ presence and levels to comprehend the challenges insects are encountering. While the study does not focus on the impact of contamination on the wasps, previous research suggests that copper exposure could affect their lifespan and reproductive capabilities.
The study’s findings will contribute to global efforts to address declining insect populations due to various stressors like habitat loss, climate change, and pesticide use. Manning highlighted the complex challenges insects face in their struggle for survival.
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